Photo-phobia, or light sensitivity, is an intolerance of light. such as sunlight, fluorescent light and incandescent light all can cause discomfort, along with a need to squint or close your eyes. Headaches also may cause light sensitivity.
Light-sensitive people sometimes are bothered only by bright light. In extreme cases, however, any light can be irritating.
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What causes light sensitivity or “photo-phobia”
1- Migraine-
Photo-phobia is a common symptom of migraine headaches. These are severe headaches that can be triggered by a number of factors, including hormonal changes, foods, stress, and environmental changes.
2- Encephalitis-
It is a viral infection of the brain which causes it to inflammation.
3- Corneal abrasion-
A corneal abrasion is an injury to the cornea. This can be caused when you get sand, dirt, metal particles or other substances in your eyes.
4- Conjunctivitis-
Another name is “pink eye,” this occurs when the layer of tissue that covers the white part of your eye becomes infected or inflamed. It’s mostly caused by viruses. and make your eyes sensitive to light.
5-Dry eyes-
This occurs when your tear ducts can’t make enough tears or make poor quality tears.
6-People with a lighter eye color also may experience more light sensitivity in environments such as bright sunlight, because darker-colored eyes contain more pigment to protect against harsh lighting.
Symptoms
Eye fatigue and discomfort, dry eyes, headaches, blurred vision, neck and shoulder pain, eye twitching, red eyes.
Eye diseases related to bright light
Certain rare diseases, such as the genetic disorder keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans (KFSD), are reported to cause photo-phobia.
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Photo-phobia Treatment
The best treatment for light sensitivity is to address the underlying cause. Once the triggering factor is treated, photo-phobia disappears in many cases.
1-If you are taking a medication that causes light sensitivity, talk to your prescribing physician about discontinuing or replacing the drug.
2-If you’re naturally sensitive to light, avoid bright sunlight and other harsh lighting sources.
3-Wear wide-brimmed hats and sunglasses when outdoors in daylight.
4-For bright sunlight, consider polarized sunglasses.these sun lenses provide extra protection against glare-causing reflections of light from water, sand, snow, concrete roadways and other reflective surfaces.
5-In an extreme case, you may consider wearing prosthetic contact lenses.that are specially colored to look like your own eyes. Prosthetic contact lenses can reduce the amount of light that enters the eye and make your eyes more comfortable.